Spain’s railway network is one of the most efficient, comfortable and extensive in Europe, offering an excellent way to explore the country. Whether travelling at high speed between major cities or taking a scenic regional train through picturesque landscapes, the Spanish rail system provides a reliable alternative to road travel. For visitors seeking convenience, affordability and sustainability, trains present an ideal way to experience Spain’s diverse geography, from the bustling streets of Madrid and Barcelona to the rugged coastlines of the north and the sun-drenched plains of Andalucía.
At the heart of the network is Renfe, the state-owned rail operator, which runs both high-speed and conventional services across the country. Spain is home to AVE (Alta Velocidad Española), one of the world’s fastest and most advanced high-speed train systems, linking key destinations with impressive speed and efficiency. Alongside these flagship services, a range of regional and commuter trains ensures that even smaller towns and rural areas remain well-connected. In recent years, the rise of new operators such as Ouigo and iryo has introduced competition to the high-speed rail market, offering more choice and competitive fares for passengers.
For travellers, navigating Spain’s rail system is straightforward, with modern stations, online booking options and a variety of ticketing choices catering to different budgets and travel needs. Passes such as the Renfe Spain Pass allow for flexible travel, while advance bookings on AVE services can result in significant savings. Unlike air travel, rail journeys eliminate the hassle of long security checks, making them a stress-free alternative for both short hops and longer cross-country trips.
Beyond its practicality, train travel in Spain offers an experience in itself. The routes pass through some of the country’s most stunning landscapes, from the verdant Basque Country to the rolling vineyards of La Rioja and the dramatic sierras of Andalucía. Some of Spain’s most scenic rail journeys, such as the Transcantábrico and Al Andalus, offer a more leisurely, luxurious experience for those keen to savour the journey as much as the destination.
Whether you are visiting Spain for the first time or returning to explore in greater depth, travelling by train provides a unique and enjoyable way to discover the country. This guide will cover everything you need to know, from understanding the different train services to booking tickets, planning itineraries and making the most of your rail journey through Spain.
Types of Train Service in Spain
Spain’s railway system offers a variety of train services catering to different travel needs, from high-speed intercity routes to scenic regional lines. Whether travelling quickly between major cities or exploring smaller towns, the network provides an efficient and comfortable experience. Understanding the different types of trains will help visitors plan their journeys effectively.
High-Speed Trains (AVE, Avlo, Ouigo, iryo)
Spain is home to one of the most advanced high-speed rail networks in the world, known as Alta Velocidad Española (AVE). These trains, operated by Renfe, can reach speeds of up to 310 km/h, significantly reducing travel times between major cities. For example, the journey from Madrid to Barcelona takes just 2 hours and 30 minutes on the AVE, compared to over six hours by car. The train service has largely replaced many domestic flights which once dominated this key transport route.
AVE trains offer different seating classes, including Turista (standard class), Turista Plus (extra legroom), and Preferente (first class), which includes complimentary meals on weekdays. These trains are known for their punctuality, comfort and onboard amenities, including Wi-Fi and catering services.
In recent years, Spain has introduced low-cost high-speed alternatives to make fast rail travel more affordable. Avlo, Renfe’s budget-friendly service, offers lower fares with fewer onboard amenities. Meanwhile, Ouigo, a French operator and iryo, a Spanish-Italian venture, have entered the market, providing additional competition and price reductions on key routes such as Madrid-Barcelona and Madrid-Valencia.
Long-Distance Trains (Alvia, Euromed, Intercity)
For travellers looking to journey beyond the high-speed corridors, Spain offers a range of long-distance trains that combine speed and connectivity. Alvia trains use both high-speed and conventional tracks, linking cities that do not have dedicated AVE services. They are slightly slower but often provide direct connections to destinations such as San Sebastián, Bilbao and A Coruña.
Euromed trains operate along the Mediterranean coast, linking cities such as Barcelona, Valencia and Alicante with a high level of comfort and reliability. These services are popular with both business and leisure travellers exploring Spain’s eastern coastline.
Intercity trains, though slower than AVE or Alvia services, remain an essential part of Spain’s rail network. They connect medium-sized cities and regions without high-speed access, often at more affordable prices.
Regional Trains (Media Distancia, Avant, Cercanías)
Spain’s regional train services provide essential links between cities and rural areas, catering to both locals and tourists exploring off-the-beaten-path destinations.
Media Distancia trains operate medium-distance routes, often connecting provincial capitals with surrounding towns. These services are useful for travellers visiting places not served by high-speed trains, such as Salamanca, Cáceres and Jerez de la Frontera.
Avant trains are a high-speed regional service designed for shorter journeys between cities. They use AVE infrastructure but focus on shorter routes, such as Madrid-Toledo or Seville-Córdoba. They offer a fast and comfortable option for day trips or business commutes.
For local and suburban travel, Cercanías trains operate around major metropolitan areas, including Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia and Bilbao. These commuter trains are ideal for getting to and from airports, exploring city suburbs, or reaching nearby attractions. Cercanías services are generally affordable and frequent, with integrated ticketing options for public transport networks.
Luxury and Tourist Trains (El Transcantábrico, Al Andalus, Tren de la Fresa)
Spain is home to some of Europe’s most luxurious tourist trains, offering scenic and cultural experiences for travellers seeking a unique rail journey.
El Transcantábrico is Spain’s most famous luxury train, running through the green landscapes of northern Spain from San Sebastián to Santiago de Compostela. This train provides an all-inclusive experience with fine dining, elegant sleeper cabins and guided excursions.
Al Andalus, another luxury train, travels through Andalusia, visiting cities such as Seville, Córdoba and Granada. With its Belle Époque-style carriages and gourmet dining, it offers a nostalgic yet refined way to experience southern Spain.
For those interested in historical train experiences, Spain also offers seasonal heritage trains. The Tren de la Fresa (Strawberry Train) runs between Madrid and Aranjuez, evoking the 19th-century railway experience with vintage carriages and cultural stops along the way. Other scenic tourist trains, such as the Tren dels Llacs in Catalonia and the Tren de Sóller in Mallorca, offer spectacular landscapes and historic charm.
International Trains
While Spain is largely an isolated rail network due to its unique track gauge, a few international routes connect the country with France and Portugal.
The Renfe-SNCF high-speed service links Barcelona with cities such as Paris, Lyon and Marseille, offering a convenient alternative to flying. These TGV-style trains provide a seamless travel experience with minimal border formalities.
Although long-distance rail links with Portugal have been reduced in recent years, regional trains still connect Spanish cities such as Vigo and Badajoz with destinations across the border. Future projects, including the proposed high-speed Madrid-Lisbon route, aim to improve international rail connections.
How to Buy Train Tickets in Spain
Navigating Spain’s train ticketing system is relatively straightforward, with multiple ways to purchase tickets, a range of fare options and various discounts available. Understanding how to book tickets effectively can help travellers secure the best prices and ensure a smooth journey.
Buying Tickets Online
The easiest and most convenient way to purchase train tickets in Spain is online. Several platforms allow travellers to book tickets in advance, compare fares and choose their preferred seats.
The primary booking platform is Renfe’s official website (www.renfe.com), which sells tickets for all Renfe-operated services, including AVE, Alvia and regional trains. The website is available in multiple languages, although it occasionally experiences technical issues. Renfe also has a mobile app that allows for easy booking and e-ticket storage.
For high-speed budget operators, tickets must be purchased through their respective websites:
- Avlo (renfe.com) – Renfe’s low-cost high-speed service
- Ouigo (ouigo.com) – A French operator offering budget-friendly AVE alternatives
- iryo (iryo.eu) – A premium yet competitively priced high-speed service
Third-party booking platforms such as Trainline and Omio offer a more user-friendly experience for international travellers, allowing payment in different currencies and providing clearer booking processes. However, they may charge small service fees.
Buying Tickets at Stations
Travellers who prefer to buy tickets in person can do so at train stations across Spain. Major stations have staffed ticket counters where Renfe employees can assist with bookings, provide information on routes and apply relevant discounts. However, queues can be long, especially during peak travel seasons.
Most stations are also equipped with self-service ticket machines, which offer a quicker alternative for purchasing tickets. These machines have an English-language option and accept both cash and card payments. They can be used to book long-distance, regional and high-speed tickets, but some regional routes may only be available at ticket counters.
Advance Bookings vs. Last-Minute Tickets
For high-speed and long-distance trains, booking tickets in advance is highly recommended. AVE, Alvia and Euromed services operate on a dynamic pricing system, meaning fares increase as travel dates approach. Tickets typically go on sale between 60 and 90 days in advance, although Renfe sometimes releases them later than expected.
For regional and commuter trains (Media Distancia, Avant and Cercanías), advance booking is not necessary, as these tickets have fixed prices and can be purchased on the day of travel. Cercanías tickets are valid for a set period and can be bought at stations just before departure.
Ticket Classes and Fare Types
Spanish trains offer different ticket classes, with varying levels of comfort and pricing.
- Básico (Basic) – The cheapest option, often non-refundable and with restrictions on changes.
- Elige (Choice) – More flexible, allowing changes and offering seat selection. Available in Turista or Turista Plus.
- Prémium – First-class option, usually with added perks such as meal service on AVE trains.
Discounted fares are often available when booking in advance, but travellers should check refund and exchange conditions carefully before purchasing.
Rail Passes and Discounts
Visitors planning multiple train journeys may benefit from rail passes or discounted ticket schemes.
The Renfe Spain Pass is designed for non-residents and allows unlimited travel on AVE and long-distance trains for a set number of journeys within a month. It is particularly useful for those planning an extended trip across multiple regions.
For travellers under 26, the Tarjeta Joven discount card provides up to 30% off train fares. Similarly, seniors over 60 can purchase the Tarjeta Dorada, which offers significant discounts on all Renfe services.
Validating and Using Train Tickets
Most train tickets in Spain are now digital and can be stored on a smartphone or printed. At larger stations, AVE and long-distance train tickets must be scanned at automatic turnstiles before accessing platforms. For regional and Cercanías trains, passengers may need to validate their tickets at machines before boarding.
For peace of mind, travellers should always carry identification, as ticket inspectors frequently check passports or ID cards alongside train tickets, especially on high-speed services.
Navigating Spanish Train Station
Spain’s train stations range from vast, modern transport hubs to smaller regional stops with basic facilities. Major stations are well-organised but can be overwhelming for first-time visitors due to their size and the number of services available. Understanding how to navigate Spanish train stations will help ensure a smooth travel experience.
Major Train Stations in Spain
The largest train stations in Spain are located in key cities and serve as hubs for high-speed, long-distance and regional trains. Some of the most important stations include:
- Madrid Puerta de Atocha-Almudena Grandes – Spain’s busiest station, serving AVE, Alvia, Cercanías and international trains. It features a large tropical garden, numerous shops and extensive facilities.
- Barcelona Sants – The main station in Barcelona, handling AVE, regional and international services. Well-connected to the metro and airport.
- Sevilla Santa Justa – The primary station in Andalusia, offering AVE and long-distance services, with easy access to the city centre.
- Valencia Joaquín Sorolla – A high-speed train station separate from the older Estació del Nord, which serves regional and Cercanías trains.
- Málaga María Zambrano – A modern AVE hub with shopping areas and connections to the Costa del Sol.
- Zaragoza-Delicias – A key stop on the Madrid-Barcelona high-speed line, also serving regional and long-distance routes.
Other important stations include Bilbao-Abando, Santiago de Compostela, Alicante-Terminal and Córdoba Central, each serving as a key link in Spain’s railway network.
Facilities and Services
Most major train stations in Spain offer a range of facilities, including:
- Ticket counters and machines – Located at station entrances, with multilingual options for self-service purchases.
- Information desks – Staffed areas where travellers can ask for assistance with train schedules, ticketing and station navigation.
- Luggage storage – Available at larger stations for those who need to store bags temporarily. Lockers or staffed left-luggage services can be found in Madrid Atocha, Barcelona Sants and other key locations.
- Security checks – All AVE and long-distance train passengers must pass through a simple security screening before accessing platforms. This includes baggage scanning, but it is much quicker than airport security.
- Restaurants and shops – Many large stations have food courts, supermarkets and retail stores, making it easy to buy snacks or last-minute travel essentials.
- Toilets and waiting areas – Clean and well-maintained, but some may require a small fee for access.
- Car hire and taxis – Rental car agencies and taxi ranks are usually located outside major station exits.
Security and Boarding Procedures
Unlike airports, train stations in Spain do not have strict check-in requirements, but passengers should still arrive 20–30 minutes before departure for high-speed trains. AVE, Alvia and long-distance services require a security check, where luggage is scanned before entering the boarding area. Security is less strict than at airports and liquids or sharp objects are not restricted.
For AVE trains, platforms often have controlled boarding gates, meaning passengers need to scan their tickets at turnstiles before proceeding. In smaller stations or for regional trains, this is not required and passengers can board freely.
Finding Platforms and Boarding Trains
Train platforms (vías) are clearly signposted on electronic departure boards, which display train numbers, destinations, departure times and platform assignments. These screens are updated regularly and announcements are made in Spanish and sometimes English.
Once on the platform, carriages are usually marked by class and seat numbers. AVE and Alvia trains often have designated boarding zones, with platform staff available to assist passengers in finding their assigned coach.
Accessibility in Spanish Train Stations
Most major train stations in Spain are wheelchair accessible, with lifts, ramps and dedicated assistance services available for passengers with reduced mobility. Renfe offers an Atendo service, a free assistance programme that provides help with boarding, luggage and navigating stations. Passengers requiring assistance should book Atendo services in advance through Renfe’s website or at station help desks.
Connecting to Public Transport
Spanish train stations are well-integrated with local transport networks, making it easy to continue journeys by metro, bus, or taxi. Key connections include:
- Madrid Atocha – Connected to Madrid’s metro Line 1 and multiple bus routes.
- Barcelona Sants – Direct access to metro Lines 3 and 5, plus links to the city’s extensive bus network.
- Sevilla Santa Justa – Close to bus stops and a short taxi ride from the historic centre.
- Valencia Joaquín Sorolla – A shuttle bus connects the station to Estació del Nord for regional train services.
- Málaga María Zambrano – Linked to metro services and close to the city’s main bus station.
Passengers should check local transport maps in advance to ensure a seamless onward journey.
Train Travel Tips for Visitors
Spain’s rail network is one of the best ways to explore the country, offering speed, comfort and scenic routes. However, first-time visitors may encounter differences from train travel in other countries. Understanding these tips can help make journeys smoother and more enjoyable.
Book in Advance for the Best Prices
For long-distance and high-speed trains, booking tickets early can result in significant savings. Renfe operates a dynamic pricing system, meaning fares rise closer to departure. Tickets for AVE and Alvia services typically go on sale 60–90 days in advance, though availability can vary.
Regional and Cercanías trains have fixed prices, so there’s no need to book these in advance. However, during peak holiday seasons or major festivals, even local trains can become crowded, so arriving early is advisable.
Consider Alternative High-Speed Operators
While Renfe is the main train operator in Spain, travellers should check fares with Avlo, Ouigo and iryo, the budget high-speed alternatives. These operators often offer cheaper AVE-style journeys, but they may have stricter baggage policies and fewer flexible fare options.
Validate Tickets When Necessary
Most digital and AVE tickets do not require validation, as they are automatically scanned at platform turnstiles or checked on board. However, regional and Cercanías tickets often require validation at machines before boarding. These machines, typically located near platforms, stamp paper tickets with a time and date. Failure to validate a ticket can result in fines if checked by an inspector.
Arrive Early for High-Speed and Long-Distance Trains
For AVE and long-distance trains, passengers should arrive at the station at least 20–30 minutes before departure to pass through security checks. While the process is quick, delays can occur, particularly in busy stations like Madrid Atocha or Barcelona Sants.
For regional trains, there are no security checks and passengers can simply board once they have a valid ticket.
Know Your Seat Assignment
On high-speed and long-distance trains, seats are assigned at the time of booking. Passengers should check their ticket for the carriage number (Coche) and seat number (Asiento) to ensure they board the correct coach. Platform signs usually indicate where each coach will stop, making it easier to find the right section before the train arrives.
Luggage Rules and Storage
Spain’s high-speed trains have generous luggage allowances compared to budget airlines, but there are still restrictions:
- AVE, Alvia and Euromed services allow up to three pieces of luggage, with a combined total not exceeding 25kg.
- Budget operators like Ouigo and Avlo may have stricter size limits, similar to airline cabin baggage policies.
Onboard, luggage racks are available at the ends of carriages for larger suitcases, while smaller bags can be stored overhead. Keeping valuables within reach is advisable.
Be Aware of Train Strikes and Service Disruptions
While Spain’s rail system is reliable, occasional strikes (huelgas) can affect services. These usually occur with advance notice and a minimum service level is guaranteed, meaning not all trains will be cancelled. Travellers should check Renfe’s website or local news sources before departure, particularly during summer and holiday periods when industrial action is more common.
Make the Most of Onboard Amenities
High-speed trains in Spain are comfortable and well-equipped. Key onboard services include:
- Wi-Fi: Available on most AVE and iryo trains, though signal strength may vary.
- Cafetería cars: AVE and Alvia trains have a bar-cafeteria serving drinks, sandwiches and snacks. Some services also offer at-seat food delivery.
- Power outlets: Available at most seats in AVE and long-distance trains.
- Quiet carriages: AVE trains have “Coche en Silencio”, a designated quiet coach where phone calls and loud conversations are prohibited.
Plan Connections with Local Transport
Many Spanish train stations are well-connected to metro, tram, or bus services. Before arrival, it’s worth checking the best options for onward travel, especially in cities like Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia and Seville.
For journeys requiring a transfer between stations (e.g., Madrid Atocha to Madrid Chamartín), travellers should allow extra time for transit, as inter-station connections may require metro or taxi travel.
Take Advantage of Scenic Routes
Some train journeys in Spain offer spectacular views, making the train ride part of the travel experience. Recommended scenic routes include:
- Madrid to Barcelona (AVE) – High-speed journey across stunning countryside.
- Barcelona to Valencia (Euromed) – Coastal views of the Mediterranean.
- Bilbao to León (Regional Express) – Winding through the Picos de Europa mountains.
- Ronda to Algeciras (Media Distancia) – A breathtaking route through Andalusian landscapes.
Be Prepared for Limited English in Some Areas
While staff at major stations and high-speed train services often speak some English, this is not always the case at smaller regional stations or on Cercanías trains. Learning a few key Spanish phrases can be helpful:
- ¿Dónde está la vía número [X]? – Where is platform number [X]?
- ¿A qué hora sale el tren a [destination]? – What time does the train to [destination] leave?
- ¿Este tren va a [destination]? – Does this train go to [destination]?
Keep Your Ticket Handy for Inspections
Ticket checks are common on long-distance and high-speed trains. Inspectors may ask to see both your ticket and passport or ID, especially if travelling with a discounted fare (such as a youth or senior ticket). Digital tickets are accepted, but it’s best to have a backup screenshot or printout in case of app malfunctions.
Scenic Train Journeys in Spain
Spain’s diverse landscapes, from rugged mountains to sun-drenched coastlines, make train travel a spectacular experience. Some routes are more than just a means of transport—they offer breathtaking scenery, crossing dramatic gorges, lush valleys and historic towns. Whether travelling at high speed or on slow regional trains, these scenic journeys showcase the country’s natural and cultural beauty.
Madrid to Barcelona (AVE) – Speed Through the Spanish Heartland
While the AVE service between Madrid and Barcelona is known for its efficiency rather than its scenery, the journey still offers captivating views of central Spain’s vast plateaus, olive groves, and rolling hills. Travellers can admire the Guadarrama Mountains near Madrid before speeding through the arid landscapes of Aragón and into Catalonia. Those looking for a more leisurely scenic alternative can take the regional route via Zaragoza, which passes through charming medieval towns and lesser-visited areas.
Barcelona to Valencia (Euromed) – A Coastal Mediterranean Delight
This Euromed and Intercity route follows the stunning Mediterranean coastline, offering panoramic views of golden beaches, fishing villages and rocky coves. Departing from Barcelona, the train hugs the shore, passing through Tarragona, where the ruins of a Roman amphitheatre overlook the sea. Further south, passengers can glimpse the Ebro Delta, one of Spain’s most important wetlands, before reaching the historic city of Valencia. This route is especially beautiful at sunrise or sunset, when the sea shimmers in soft golden hues.
Bilbao to León – Crossing the Picos de Europa
For those seeking an off-the-beaten-path rail adventure, the Bilbao to León route is one of Spain’s most spectacular. This narrow-gauge regional train, operated by Renfe’s Media Distancia service, winds through the Picos de Europa, one of Spain’s most rugged mountain ranges. The journey takes passengers across deep river gorges, past dense forests and through tiny stone-built villages. The slow pace and traditional carriages make this a nostalgic experience reminiscent of classic European rail travel.
Ronda to Algeciras – Through the Serranía Mountains
This short yet unforgettable Media Distancia journey from the dramatic hilltop town of Ronda to the port city of Algeciras is one of Spain’s most scenic train rides. The track meanders through the Serranía de Ronda, a rugged landscape of towering limestone cliffs, olive groves and deep valleys. Several tunnels and viaducts add to the drama, particularly as the train descends towards the shimmering blue waters of the Bay of Gibraltar. For those travelling between Seville and the Costa del Sol, this route offers an unforgettable alternative to high-speed services.
The Transcantábrico – Spain’s Luxury Scenic Train
For travellers who prefer a luxury rail experience, the Transcantábrico Gran Lujo is Spain’s answer to the Orient Express. This multi-day train journey runs along the northern coast, covering regions such as the Basque Country, Cantabria, Asturias and Galicia. The landscape here is breathtaking, with the train passing dramatic cliffs, lush green countryside and picturesque fishing villages. Onboard, guests enjoy sumptuous suites, gourmet cuisine and exclusive excursions to historic sites like Santiago de Compostela and the prehistoric Altamira caves.
León to Gijón (FEVE) – A Narrow-Gauge Adventure
For those seeking a slow, immersive travel experience, the León to Gijón route offers a journey through some of Spain’s most untouched landscapes. Operated by FEVE (Ferrocarriles de Vía Estrecha), this narrow-gauge train climbs through the Cantabrian Mountains, winding past lush valleys, traditional Asturian villages and high-altitude meadows. This is one of the most spectacular mountain rail journeys in Spain, with sharp curves, tunnels and breathtaking views at every turn.
Madrid to Galicia (Alvia) – Across the Galician Highlands
The Madrid to Santiago de Compostela Alvia service is one of Spain’s most scenic high-speed routes, crossing from the dry plains of Castilla y León into the verdant, mist-covered mountains of Galicia. Highlights include the passage through the Ribeira Sacra, a region known for its terraced vineyards and deep river canyons. This journey is particularly stunning in autumn when the forests turn vibrant shades of red and gold.
Zaragoza to Canfranc – A Journey to the Pyrenees
One of Spain’s most dramatic train routes, the Zaragoza to Canfranc line, takes passengers deep into the Pyrenees, ending at the grand yet abandoned Canfranc International Station, once one of Europe’s most important railway hubs. The train passes through high-altitude valleys, medieval villages and pine forests, with glimpses of snow-capped peaks. The final stretch, which ascends towards the French border, is particularly breathtaking.
Mallorca’s Sóller Train – A Vintage Ride Through the Tramuntana Mountains
For a scenic rail journey outside mainland Spain, the Ferrocarril de Sóller in Mallorca offers a nostalgic trip through the Tramuntana Mountains. This historic wooden train, dating back to 1912, travels from Palma to Sóller, winding through citrus groves, tunnels and dramatic mountain landscapes. At the end of the journey, visitors can explore the charming town of Sóller or continue their adventure on the equally scenic Sóller tram down to the coast.
Choosing the Best Scenic Train Journey
For visitors who want high-speed comfort with beautiful views, the Barcelona to Valencia Euromed or Madrid to Galicia Alvia routes are excellent choices. Those who prefer slow travel and mountain landscapes will enjoy the Bilbao to León or Ronda to Algeciras routes. For a luxury experience, the Transcantábrico is unmatched, while history lovers will appreciate the Sóller train in Mallorca or the Canfranc route to the Pyrenees.
Spain’s rail network offers not just efficient transport, but also some of Europe’s most spectacular train journeys, making it an unforgettable way to experience the country.
How to Travel to Spain by Train from the UK
I often wondered how former Arsenal footballer Dennis Bergkamp managed to get to major European matches when he suffers a serious fear of flying. Now after some research I realise that getting to Barcelona and Madrid from London isn’t that big a deal. If you’re a frequent rail traveller then you’ll already know that train services from London to the continent are outstanding with connections available to pretty much anywhere in Europe.
The best way to travel to Spain without flying is to take the Eurostar service to Paris Nord from where you transfer to the Gare de Lyon. From this station you take the TGV service to Barcelona Sants. Please note there is no longer a direct service from Paris to Madrid. Once you’ve arrived in Barcelona you can take a few days to discover the city then head off to Madrid on the high speed AVE service which then connects with Seville and Malaga.
Or you can head down the coast to Valencia and Alicante on the EuroMed which is an ideal service if you’re planning holidays to Spain by train as its an overland option for getting to Benidorm and the popular resorts of the Costa Blanca.
So how long does this take? You might be surprised to learn that journey time from London to Barcelona via Paris (excluding transfer time in Paris) is now only 9 hours (2½ hours to Paris plus 6½ hours to Barcelona) which is obviously a very interesting option if you enjoy rail travel. An alternative route worth considering is to transfer to Paris Montparnasse then get a high-speed TGV service to San Sebastian via Hendaye in the Basque Country.
You can then use regional services to discover the north of the country. If that’s appealing then you might even consider taking a ferry from the UK to Bilbao or Santander from where you can hook up with the Spanish rail network.
You can book train tickets from towns and cities all over the UK to Paris through the Rail Europe website, tickets go on sale 90 days before the train’s date of departure. Buying through tickets from your local railway station to Paris should be cheaper than travelling to London and beginning your journey from there. However, nothing’s that simple in the world of travel so it’s well worth looking at what cheap deals are on offer by train to London at National Rail or at TheTrainLine.
If you do decide to book your rail travel to London separately and join the Eurostar service there you should try to book a reduced price ticket to “London International (CIV)” from your local station. This destination refers to St Pancras railway station from where the Eurostar departs for the continent. Few rail travellers are aware of this ticket option, however, it isn’t available from every station and a Eurostar booking confirmation is required before you can get one.
For an in depth overview of all the train options connecting the UK with Spain take a look at Seat61. This website will tell you the current timetable for London-Paris-Barcelona trains and provides great travel tips related to the journey. After reading his description of the trip and looked at his photos from along the way I wouldn’t mind getting myself to London right away.
The site also provides invaluable information on how to get to many other destinations in Spain via Paris. Rail Europe is another very useful website for booking train services from the UK to Barcelona or anywhere else in Europe for that matter. Their system allows you to book journeys to Spain from any station in the UK.
FAQ: Train Travel in Spain
Do I need to book train tickets in advance in Spain?
For high-speed (AVE), long-distance and some regional trains, booking in advance is strongly recommended, as prices increase closer to departure. Cercanías (commuter trains) and many Media Distancia services have fixed prices and do not require advance booking.
Where can I buy train tickets in Spain?
Tickets can be purchased online via Renfe’s website, mobile app, or third-party platforms like Trainline, Omio, or Rail Europe. Tickets can also be bought at station ticket offices, ticket machines and travel agencies.
Are there budget-friendly alternatives to AVE high-speed trains?
Yes. Spain has low-cost high-speed operators:
- Avlo (Renfe’s budget AVE)
- Ouigo (a French operator running in Spain)
- iryo (a new competitor offering competitive fares)
These services are cheaper but may have stricter luggage policies and fewer flexible ticket options.
Do Spanish train stations have security checks?
Yes, but only for high-speed and long-distance trains. Passengers must pass through X-ray baggage screening at major stations like Madrid Atocha, Barcelona Sants and Seville Santa Justa. No passport control is required for domestic travel.
What is the baggage allowance on Spanish trains?
High-speed trains (AVE, Alvia, Euromed) allow up to three bags, with a total weight limit of 25kg. Regional and Cercanías trains have no official limits, but space is limited. Budget operators like Ouigo and Avlo may have stricter rules similar to airlines.
Are there night trains in Spain?
Spain used to have several night trains, but most have been discontinued. Some international night trains still operate, such as the Lisbon to Madrid (Lusitania) sleeper train. For long domestic routes, travellers now use high-speed trains instead.
Can I take a bicycle on Spanish trains?
- Cercanías (commuter) trains: Bikes are allowed for free at all times.
- Regional (Media Distancia) trains: Free if space allows; some require reservations.
- Long-distance & AVE trains: Bikes must be folded and stored in a bag (max 120x90cm) unless special services allow them.
Do trains in Spain run on time?
Spain’s high-speed AVE trains have a punctuality guarantee, with compensation for delays over 30 minutes. However, regional and Cercanías trains can sometimes experience minor delays, especially in busy cities.
What happens if I miss my train?
- If you have a non-flexible ticket, you must buy a new one.
- If your ticket is exchangeable or refundable, you can modify or cancel it before departure.
- Some AVE tickets allow free changes within 30 minutes of departure if requested at the station.
Are there discounts for seniors, students, or young travellers?
Yes:
- Tarjeta Dorada (for over 60s) offers 25–40% discounts.
- Renfe Joven 50 Card (for 14–25-year-olds) gives up to 50% off.
- Families with multiple children can apply for Familia Numerosa discounts.
Can I use my Eurail or Interrail pass in Spain?
Yes, but you must reserve seats on high-speed and long-distance trains, which incurs an extra fee. Passholders can travel freely on Cercanías (commuter) trains without a reservation.
Do trains in Spain have Wi-Fi?
Most AVE high-speed trains have free Wi-Fi, but signal strength varies. Budget operators like Ouigo and Avlo may not offer Wi-Fi. Regional and Cercanías trains generally do not have Wi-Fi.
Are food and drinks available on Spanish trains?
Yes. AVE and long-distance trains have a cafetería car with snacks, drinks and hot meals. Some services offer at-seat meal delivery. Regional and Cercanías trains do not have catering.
Can I bring my own food and drink on board?
Yes. Passengers can bring their own food and non-alcoholic drinks. Alcohol is permitted only on AVE long-distance trains, but excessive drinking is discouraged.
What should I do if there is a train strike?
Spanish train strikes (huelgas) are usually announced in advance and minimum service levels are guaranteed. Check Renfe’s website or station updates for alternative travel options.
Are dogs and pets allowed on Spanish trains?
Yes, but with restrictions:
- Small pets (under 10kg) travel for free on AVE and long-distance trains if in a pet carrier.
- Larger dogs are only allowed on selected high-speed routes with a paid pet ticket.
- Cercanías (commuter) trains allow dogs for free, without a carrier, but they must be leashed and muzzled.
How do I transfer between Madrid’s two main stations (Atocha and Chamartín)?
Travellers connecting between Madrid Atocha and Madrid Chamartín can use the Cercanías commuter train, which takes 15 minutes. The journey is free for those with a valid long-distance train ticket.
Is train travel better than flying within Spain?
For many routes, yes. The AVE high-speed train is often faster than flying when considering airport security and travel time. For example:
- Madrid to Barcelona: 2h 30m by AVE vs. 4+ hours by plane (including check-in and transfers).
- Madrid to Seville: 2h 30m by AVE vs. 3.5+ hours by plane.
Are Spanish trains accessible for disabled travellers?
Yes. Renfe’s Atendo service provides free assistance for wheelchair users and passengers with reduced mobility. Most modern stations have lifts and ramps, but older stations may have limited accessibility. Booking assistance in advance is recommended.
Can I travel by train from Spain to France or Portugal?
Yes. International train routes include:
- Spain to France: High-speed services connect Barcelona to Paris, Marseille and Lyon via Renfe and SNCF.
- Spain to Portugal: The Lusitania night train runs from Madrid to Lisbon. Direct daytime services are currently limited.