Domestic Flights in Spain: An Essential Guide to Air Travel

Spain has one of the most extensive domestic flight networks in Europe, connecting its major cities, remote islands and coastal regions efficiently. Whilst high-speed trains dominate many popular routes, flying remains the fastest option for longer distances – particularly between mainland Spain and the Balearic or Canary Islands.

Domestic flights in Spain are served by a mix of full-service carriers like Iberia and Air Europa, as well as low-cost airlines such as Vueling and Ryanair. With competitive pricing, frequent departures and well-connected airports, domestic air travel can be an efficient and affordable way to explore the country.

This guide provides a detailed overview of everything you need to know about domestic flights in Spain, including major routes, airlines, ticketing tips, airport navigation, baggage policies and travel advice. Whether you’re planning a quick city-to-city hop or a flight to the sun-soaked islands, this article will help you make informed decisions about using domestic flights in Spain.

Major Domestic Flight Routes in Spain

Spain’s domestic air network is well-developed, with flights linking major cities, island destinations and remote regions. whilst high-speed trains compete with airlines on many mainland routes, flights remain the fastest and often the only option for long distances and inter-island travel.

Mainland Spain: Key Air Routes

Madrid–Barcelona (Puente Aéreo / Air Bridge)

The Madrid–Barcelona route is one of the busiest in Europe. Although the high-speed AVE train now dominates the market, Iberia and Vueling still operate the Puente Aéreo (Air Bridge), offering flexible tickets, frequent departures and priority boarding. The flight takes 1 hour 15 minutes, compared to around 2.5 hours by train.

Madrid–Seville, Madrid–Málaga and Madrid–Valencia

These routes compete with the AVE high-speed rail network, which reaches Seville, Málaga and Valencia in under 3 hours. However, flights can be useful for international connections via Madrid-Barajas Airport.

Barcelona–Seville, Barcelona–Granada and Barcelona–Málaga

Flying is often faster than the train on routes from Barcelona to Andalucía, where rail journeys take between 5 and 6 hours. These flights are popular with business travellers and tourists heading to Spain’s southern coast.

Flights to the Balearic Islands

The Balearic Islands – Mallorca, Menorca, Ibiza and Formentera – are highly dependent on air travel, with frequent flights from major Spanish cities.

Madrid and Barcelona to Palma de Mallorca

• Palma de Mallorca Airport (PMI) is Spain’s third busiest and a major hub for domestic flights.
• Flights from Madrid take 1 hour 20 minutes and from Barcelona just 50 minutes.
• Operated by Iberia, Vueling, Air Europa and Ryanair, with departures every 30–60 minutes in peak season.

Ibiza and Menorca Flights

• Ibiza is well connected to Barcelona, Madrid, Valencia and Seville.
• Menorca has fewer flights, mainly from Barcelona and Madrid, though summer schedules expand.

Formentera: No Airport, but Accessible via Ibiza

Formentera has no airport, so travellers must fly to Ibiza and take a ferry (30 minutes).

Flights to the Canary Islands

Due to their location off the northwest coast of Africa, flights are the only practical way to reach the Canary Islands from mainland Spain.

Madrid and Barcelona to Tenerife, Gran Canaria and Lanzarote

• Tenerife (North and South airports), Gran Canaria and Lanzarote are the busiest hubs.
• Flights from Madrid take 2.5 to 3 hours, whilst from Barcelona they take around 3.5 hours.
• Operated by Iberia, Air Europa, Vueling, Ryanair and Binter Canarias.

Inter-Island Flights

The Canary Islands are spread out, so inter-island flights are common.

• Binter Canarias and Canaryfly operate regular short-haul flights between the islands.
• Flights from Tenerife to La Palma, La Gomera and El Hierro are essential for locals and tourists.

Other Important Domestic Routes

• Madrid–Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Vigo: Important for Galicia, where flights are faster than the 5–6-hour train journey.
• Madrid–Bilbao, San Sebastián: Popular business routes in northern Spain.
• Madrid–Asturias, Santander: Useful for accessing Spain’s Green Coast.

Airlines Operating Domestic Flights in Spain

Spain’s domestic air travel market is served by a mix of full-service carriers, low-cost airlines and regional operators. whilst larger airlines dominate routes between major cities, smaller carriers play a key role in connecting remote destinations and islands.

Full Service Carriers

Iberia

Spain’s flag carrier, Iberia, operates an extensive domestic network, with Madrid-Barajas (MAD) as its main hub.

• Offers full-service flights, including checked baggage and inflight refreshments.
• Operates the Puente Aéreo (Air Bridge) between Madrid and Barcelona, with flexible tickets and priority boarding.
• Covers key mainland cities and all major island routes.
• Codeshares with Air Nostrum (regional flights) and Binter Canarias (inter-island flights).

Air Europa

Based in Madrid, Air Europa is a competitor to Iberia on domestic routes.

• Operates between Madrid and Barcelona, Seville, Valencia and Málaga, as well as Balearic and Canary Islands.
• Part of the SkyTeam alliance, with connections to long-haul flights.
• Offers a balance between low fares and full-service perks.

Low-Cost Airlines

Vueling

Spain’s largest low-cost carrier, based in Barcelona-El Prat (BCN).

• Flies to almost all major domestic airports, including smaller ones not covered by Iberia.
• Frequent flights between Madrid, Barcelona, Seville, Málaga and Valencia.
• Strong presence in the Balearic Islands with links to Palma de Mallorca, Ibiza and Menorca.
• Charges extra for checked baggage and seat selection.

Ryanair

The largest budget airline in Europe, Ryanair operates a major domestic network in Spain.

• Offers the cheapest fares, but add-ons (baggage, seat selection, priority boarding) increase costs.
• Key routes include Madrid–Barcelona, Madrid–Seville, Barcelona–Málaga and island connections.
• Focuses on point-to-point travel rather than connections.

easyJet

Although easyJet mainly operates international flights, it serves a few domestic routes, such as Madrid to Palma de Mallorca and Barcelona to Tenerife.

Regional and Island Airlines

Air Nostrum (Iberia Regional)

A subsidiary of Iberia, Air Nostrum operates smaller regional flights to destinations not served by larger aircraft.

• Key routes include Madrid to smaller cities like León, Burgos and Badajoz.
• Connects Valencia and Alicante with regional hubs.
• Offers codeshare flights with Iberia for seamless connections.

Binter Canarias

The main airline for inter-island flights in the Canary Islands.

• Connects Tenerife, Gran Canaria, Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, La Palma, El Hierro and La Gomera.
• Also operates some mainland routes from the Canary Islands to cities like Vigo, Palma de Mallorca and Pamplona.

Canaryfly

A smaller carrier competing with Binter Canarias on short island-hopping flights.

How to Book Domestic Flights in Spain

Booking domestic flights in Spain is a straightforward process, with multiple platforms offering competitive prices. However, knowing where and when to book can help travellers secure the best deals whilst avoiding hidden fees.

Where to Book Domestic Flights

Airline Websites

Booking directly through airline websites—such as Iberia, Vueling, Air Europa, or Ryanair—often provides the best prices and flexibility.

• Direct bookings allow easier changes and cancellations.
• Many airlines offer loyalty programmes for frequent travellers.
• Budget airlines like Vueling and Ryanair may offer discounts for direct bookings.

Online Travel Agencies (OTAs)

Websites such as Skyscanner, Kayak, Expedia and Google Flights allow users to compare fares across multiple airlines.

• Useful for finding the cheapest options, especially when airlines have sales.
• Some OTAs include multi-airline itineraries for better connections.
• Be aware of hidden service fees on third-party sites.

Spanish Travel Agencies

Local travel agencies like Viajes El Corte Inglés and Logitravel specialise in Spanish domestic routes.

• Often have package deals including flights and accommodation.
• Useful for last-minute bookings if flights appear sold out online.

Airport Ticket Counters

whilst rare, tickets can still be purchased directly at airport counters.

• Prices may be higher than online rates.
• Useful in emergencies or for same-day travel.

When to Book Domestic Flights

Best Time to Book for the Lowest Fares

• 4 to 8 weeks in advance is the best window for low fares on most domestic routes.
• Off-peak travel (midweek, early morning, late night flights) is often cheaper.
• Avoid booking during Spanish public holidays, festivals and summer months (June–August) when prices soar.

Last-Minute Flights

• Budget airlines like Ryanair and Vueling occasionally offer cheap last-minute fares.
• Full-service carriers (Iberia, Air Europa) tend to increase prices closer to departure.
• Airport standby tickets are uncommon in Spain.

Understanding Ticket Types

Low-Cost Airlines: Basic vs. Flex Tickets

• Basic fares are the cheapest but do not include checked luggage or seat selection.
• Flex or Plus fares allow free changes, priority boarding and luggage allowance.

Full-Service Airlines: Economy vs. Business Class

• Economy fares often include one cabin bag and may offer a small snack.
• Business class fares include priority boarding, lounge access, extra baggage and premium seating.

Baggage Fees and Restrictions

• Low-cost airlines charge for checked luggage and sometimes large cabin bags.
• Iberia and Air Europa typically allow one carry-on and one personal item for free.
• Exceeding baggage limits can result in high airport fees.

Navigating Spanish Airports

Spain’s domestic air travel network is supported by modern, well-equipped airports, many of which serve both domestic and international flights. whilst major hubs like Madrid-Barajas and Barcelona-El Prat handle millions of passengers yearly, smaller regional airports provide access to remote areas and island destinations. Understanding airport layouts, security procedures and transport links can help travellers navigate them efficiently.

Major Domestic Airports in Spain

Madrid-Barajas Adolfo Suárez Airport (MAD)

• Spain’s largest and busiest airport, with four terminals.
• Domestic flights mainly operate from Terminals 1, 2 and 4.
• Connected to the city via Metro (Line 8), Cercanías (C1, C10), buses and taxis.

Barcelona-El Prat Airport (BCN)

• The second-busiest airport, with domestic flights using both Terminals 1 and 2.
• Accessible by Aerobús, Metro (L9 Sud) and suburban trains (R2 Nord).

Palma de Mallorca Airport (PMI)

• The third-busiest airport, serving the Balearic Islands.
• Seasonal surges in summer due to tourism.
• Connected to Palma by bus and taxis, with no train service.

Málaga-Costa del Sol Airport (AGP)

• Main airport for the Costa del Sol and Andalusia.
• Connected to Málaga city by Cercanías train (C1), buses and taxis.

Gran Canaria Airport (LPA) & Tenerife Airports (TFS, TFN)

• Key hubs for domestic and inter-island flights in the Canary Islands.
• Served by local buses and car hire services, with no train connections.

Airport Security and Check-in Procedures

Check-in and Boarding Times

• Check-in counters open 2 hours before departure for domestic flights.
• Online check-in is available for most airlines and is recommended to save time.
• Boarding gates close 30–40 minutes before departure—arriving late could mean missing the flight.

Security Screening

• Liquids over 100ml are not permitted in hand luggage, except for duty-free purchases.
• Laptops and electronics must be removed from bags at security.
• Fast-track security lanes are available at major airports for business travellers and premium ticket holders.

Airport Transport and Transfers

Getting to and from the Airport

• Most major airports are well connected by public transport:
• Madrid and Barcelona: Metro, suburban trains, express buses.
• Málaga, Seville and Valencia: Cercanías trains.
• Island airports: Buses and taxis (no trains).
• Taxis and ride-sharing services (Uber, Cabify, Free Now) operate at all major airports.

Inter-Terminal Transfers

• Madrid and Barcelona airports have shuttle buses for transfers between terminals.
• Smaller airports generally have walkable terminals without shuttles.

Baggage Policies and Allowances

Baggage rules for domestic flights in Spain vary depending on the airline, fare type and ticket class. whilst full-service carriers like Iberia and Air Europa generally include a complimentary baggage allowance, low-cost airlines such as Vueling and Ryanair charge extra for checked bags and sometimes even larger cabin bags. Understanding these policies can help avoid unexpected fees at the airport.

Hand Luggage Allowances

Full-Service Airlines (Iberia, Air Europa, Binter Canarias, Air Nostrum)

• Economy Class:
• One cabin bag (max. 10 kg, dimensions around 55 x 40 x 20 cm).
• One personal item (small backpack, handbag, or laptop bag).
• Business Class:
• Two cabin bags plus a personal item.

Low-Cost Airlines (Vueling, Ryanair, EasyJet, Canaryfly)

• Basic Fare:
• Only one small personal item (under-seat bag).
• No large cabin bag unless paying for priority boarding.
• Priority Fare / Plus Fare:
• One larger cabin bag (max. 10 kg).
• Strict size enforcement: Oversized bags are charged at gate check-in rates, which are much higher than pre-booked luggage fees.

Checked Baggage Policies

Full-Service Airlines

• Typically include one checked bag (20–23 kg) for economy fares.
• Business class allows two checked bags.
• Some domestic flights have a lower weight allowance (20 kg) than international ones.

Low-Cost Airlines

• Checked baggage must be purchased separately.
• Vueling: Baggage options range from 15 kg, 20 kg, or 25 kg, with increasing fees.
• Ryanair: Standard 20 kg checked bag available for a fee, with discounted rates if booked online.
• Excess baggage fees are high, so pre-paying is advised.

Baggage Rules for the Canary and Balearic Islands

Island Residents’ Allowance

Residents of the Canary Islands, Balearic Islands, Ceuta and Melilla often receive discounted baggage allowances on flights between these regions and mainland Spain.

Inter-Island Flights

• Binter Canarias and Canaryfly allow one free checked bag on inter-island routes.
• Strict weight limits apply and excess baggage is charged per kilogram over the limit.

Sports Equipment and Special Baggage

• Bicycles, surfboards, skis and golf clubs: Allowed on most airlines for an additional fee.
• Musical instruments: Can be carried as hand luggage if they fit within size restrictions. Larger instruments may require a paid extra seat or checked baggage handling.

Onboard Experience and In-Flight Services

The onboard experience on domestic flights in Spain varies depending on the airline and ticket class. Full-service carriers like Iberia and Air Europa offer a more traditional experience with seating options and complimentary services, whilst low-cost airlines such as Vueling and Ryanair prioritise efficiency over comfort.

Seating and Cabin Comfort

Full-Service Airlines (Iberia, Air Europa, Binter Canarias, Air Nostrum)

• Economy Class:
• Standard legroom of 76–79 cm (30–31 inches).
• Adjustable headrests and reclining seats on larger aircraft.
• Assigned seating included in ticket price.
• Business Class:
• More spacious seating with extra legroom (up to 96 cm / 38 inches).
• Priority boarding and exclusive cabin section.
• Complimentary food, beverages and lounge access before departure.

Low-Cost Airlines (Vueling, Ryanair, EasyJet, Canaryfly)

• Basic Economy:
• Minimal legroom (71–74 cm / 28–29 inches).
• Non-reclining seats on many aircraft.
• Free seating allocation unless paying for seat selection.
• Upgraded Seating Options:
• Extra-legroom seats available for an additional charge.
• Priority boarding packages allow passengers to secure better seats.

In-Flight Services and Entertainment

Food and Beverage Options

• Full-service airlines:
• Offer complimentary drinks and light snacks on domestic flights.
• Business class passengers receive a meal service, even on short flights.
• Low-cost carriers:
• All food and beverages must be purchased.
• Prices can be high, so bringing your own snacks is recommended.

In-Flight Entertainment

• Domestic flights typically do not have seatback entertainment screens.
• Iberia and Air Europa offer a mobile streaming service, allowing passengers to watch content on their devices.
• Low-cost airlines do not offer entertainment, so travellers should bring their own.

Wi-Fi and Charging Ports

• Iberia and Air Europa provide paid Wi-Fi options, though coverage may be limited.
• USB charging ports are available on some aircraft, mainly in business class or newer models.
• Low-cost airlines rarely offer Wi-Fi or power outlets.

Cabin Luggage Storage and Overhead Compartments

• Overhead bins fill quickly on domestic flights, especially on fully booked low-cost flights.
• Priority boarding is recommended for those with large cabin bags.
• Passengers without reserved overhead space may have to check their bags at the gate.

Environmental Impact and Sustainable Aviation in Spain

The environmental impact of air travel has become an increasingly important topic in Spain, where efforts are being made to balance the country’s extensive domestic flight network with sustainability initiatives. whilst trains offer a lower-emission alternative for many routes, the aviation sector is also working towards reducing its carbon footprint through modern aircraft, biofuels and offset programmes.

Carbon Emissions of Domestic Flights vs. Alternative Transport

Domestic flights in Spain, especially short-haul routes under 500 km, generate significantly higher emissions per passenger compared to high-speed rail (AVE). The Spanish government has encouraged train travel as a more sustainable option, particularly on routes where the AVE can compete in terms of journey time.

• Madrid–Barcelona: Since the AVE train takes just 2.5 hours, many travellers opt for rail over flying.
• Madrid–Valencia: The AVE covers this route in under 2 hours, reducing the demand for flights.
• Flights to the Canary and Balearic Islands remain essential, as there are no rail alternatives.

Government and Airline Sustainability Initiatives

Spain’s Efforts to Reduce Short-Haul Flights

The Spanish government has considered limiting flights on routes where high-speed rail is a viable alternative, similar to policies introduced in France and Austria. whilst no official bans exist, train travel is being actively promoted through price reductions and service expansions.

Modern, Fuel-Efficient Aircraft

Spanish airlines have been modernising their fleets with newer, more fuel-efficient aircraft.

• Iberia and Air Europa have introduced Airbus A320neo and Boeing 787 Dreamliner models, which consume less fuel and produce lower emissions.
• Vueling has been integrating aircraft with improved aerodynamics and reduced noise pollution.

Biofuels and Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)

• Iberia and Air Europa have conducted test flights using biofuels, reducing emissions by up to 80% compared to traditional fuels.
• Repsol and Cepsa, two major Spanish energy companies, have been developing SAF production facilities to increase biofuel use in aviation.

Carbon Offsetting and Green Programmes

• Airlines like Iberia and Vueling offer carbon offset programmes, allowing passengers to contribute to reforestation and renewable energy projects.
• The Spanish airport authority, AENA, has set targets for carbon-neutral airport operations by 2030, focusing on solar energy and electric ground vehicles.

Future of Sustainable Domestic Aviation in Spain

Spain is investing in hydrogen and electric aviation technology, with research initiatives focused on developing zero-emission aircraft. The transition is expected to take several decades, but smaller electric planes for regional routes may become viable within the next 10–15 years.

whilst domestic air travel remains essential, particularly for island connections, sustainability efforts are likely to shift short-haul travel towards greener alternatives like rail, whilst encouraging lower-emission aviation technologies for longer routes.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Do I need a passport for domestic flights in Spain?

No, EU citizens can travel with either a passport or national ID card (DNI for Spanish citizens). Non-EU nationals should carry their passport, as other forms of identification may not be accepted.

How early should I arrive at the airport for a domestic flight?

For domestic flights within Spain, airlines recommend arriving at least 90 minutes before departure. If checking luggage, 2 hours is advisable, especially at busy airports like Madrid-Barajas (MAD) and Barcelona-El Prat (BCN).

What is the baggage allowance on domestic flights?

Baggage policies vary by airline:

• Iberia & Air Europa: Economy fares usually include one cabin bag + one checked bag (20–23 kg).
• Vueling & Ryanair: Basic fares allow only a small personal item—cabin bags and checked luggage must be purchased separately.

Are there any domestic flights where high-speed rail is a better option?

Yes. The Madrid–Barcelona and Madrid–Valencia AVE routes are faster and more environmentally friendly than flying. However, island destinations (Canary Islands, Balearic Islands) have no rail alternatives, making flights essential.

Can I change my domestic flight ticket after booking?

This depends on your ticket type:

• Low-cost airlines (Vueling, Ryanair): Changes usually require a fee and fare difference payment.
• Full-service airlines (Iberia, Air Europa): Some fares allow free changes with flexible tickets.

What happens if my domestic flight is delayed or cancelled?

Under EU261 regulations, passengers may be entitled to:

• Compensation (up to €250) for delays over 3 hours.
• Meals and accommodation if stranded overnight.
• Alternative transport or a refund if a flight is cancelled.

Is Wi-Fi available on domestic flights?

Some airlines offer paid Wi-Fi on select routes (e.g. Iberia, Air Europa), but coverage is limited. Low-cost airlines do not provide Wi-Fi.

Are domestic flights in Spain usually on time?

Spanish domestic flights have fairly good punctuality, but delays are common on busy routes (Madrid–Barcelona, Madrid–Seville), particularly in summer and around holidays.

Do domestic flights in Spain offer free food and drinks?

• Iberia & Air Europa: Economy class includes a small snack and water; business class offers a full meal.
• Vueling, Ryanair & EasyJet: No free food—everything must be purchased onboard.

Is it better to book flights in advance or last-minute?

Booking 1–3 months in advance is usually cheaper. Prices tend to rise closer to departure, particularly for weekend and holiday flights.